forked from gitea/gitea
489 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
489 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
# xorm
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[中文](https://gitea.com/xorm/xorm/src/branch/master/README_CN.md)
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Xorm is a simple and powerful ORM for Go.
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[](https://drone.gitea.com/xorm/xorm) [](https://gocover.io/xorm.io/xorm) [](https://goreportcard.com/report/xorm.io/xorm) [](https://discord.gg/HuR2CF3)
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## Notice
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v1.0.0 has some break changes from v0.8.2.
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- Removed some non gonic function name `Id`, `Sql`, please use `ID`, `SQL` instead.
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- Removed the dependent from `xorm.io/core` and moved the codes to `xorm.io/xorm/core`, `xorm.io/xorm/names`, `xorm.io/xorm/schemas` and others.
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- Renamed some interface names. i.e. `core.IMapper` -> `names.Mapper`, `core.ILogger` -> `log.Logger`.
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## Features
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* Struct <-> Table Mapping Support
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* Chainable APIs
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* Transaction Support
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* Both ORM and raw SQL operation Support
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* Sync database schema Support
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* Query Cache speed up
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* Database Reverse support via [xorm.io/reverse](https://xorm.io/reverse)
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* Simple cascade loading support
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* Optimistic Locking support
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* SQL Builder support via [xorm.io/builder](https://xorm.io/builder)
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* Automatical Read/Write seperatelly
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* Postgres schema support
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* Context Cache support
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* Support log/SQLLog context
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## Drivers Support
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Drivers for Go's sql package which currently support database/sql includes:
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* [Mysql5.*](https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server/tree/5.7) / [Mysql8.*](https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server) / [Mariadb](https://github.com/MariaDB/server) / [Tidb](https://github.com/pingcap/tidb)
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- [github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql)
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- [github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv](https://github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv)
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* [Postgres](https://github.com/postgres/postgres) / [Cockroach](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach)
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- [github.com/lib/pq](https://github.com/lib/pq)
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- [github.com/jackc/pgx](https://github.com/jackc/pgx)
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* [SQLite](https://sqlite.org)
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- [github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
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- [modernc.org/sqlite](https://gitlab.com/cznic/sqlite) (windows unsupported)
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* MsSql
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- [github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb](https://github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb)
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* Oracle
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- [github.com/godror/godror](https://github.com/godror/godror) (experiment)
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- [github.com/mattn/go-oci8](https://github.com/mattn/go-oci8) (experiment)
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## Installation
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go get xorm.io/xorm
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## Documents
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* [Manual](http://xorm.io/docs)
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* [GoDoc](http://pkg.go.dev/xorm.io/xorm)
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## Quick Start
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* Create Engine
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Firstly, we should new an engine for a database.
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```Go
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engine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, dataSourceName)
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```
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* Define a struct and Sync2 table struct to database
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```Go
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type User struct {
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Id int64
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Name string
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Salt string
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Age int
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Passwd string `xorm:"varchar(200)"`
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Created time.Time `xorm:"created"`
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Updated time.Time `xorm:"updated"`
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}
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err := engine.Sync2(new(User))
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```
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* Create Engine Group
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```Go
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dataSourceNameSlice := []string{masterDataSourceName, slave1DataSourceName, slave2DataSourceName}
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engineGroup, err := xorm.NewEngineGroup(driverName, dataSourceNameSlice)
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```
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```Go
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masterEngine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, masterDataSourceName)
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slave1Engine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, slave1DataSourceName)
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slave2Engine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, slave2DataSourceName)
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engineGroup, err := xorm.NewEngineGroup(masterEngine, []*Engine{slave1Engine, slave2Engine})
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```
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Then all place where `engine` you can just use `engineGroup`.
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* `Query` runs a SQL string, the returned results is `[]map[string][]byte`, `QueryString` returns `[]map[string]string`, `QueryInterface` returns `[]map[string]interface{}`.
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```Go
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results, err := engine.Query("select * from user")
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results, err := engine.Where("a = 1").Query()
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results, err := engine.QueryString("select * from user")
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results, err := engine.Where("a = 1").QueryString()
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results, err := engine.QueryInterface("select * from user")
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results, err := engine.Where("a = 1").QueryInterface()
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```
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* `Exec` runs a SQL string, it returns `affected` and `error`
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```Go
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affected, err := engine.Exec("update user set age = ? where name = ?", age, name)
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```
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* `Insert` one or multiple records to database
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```Go
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affected, err := engine.Insert(&user)
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// INSERT INTO struct () values ()
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affected, err := engine.Insert(&user1, &user2)
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// INSERT INTO struct1 () values ()
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// INSERT INTO struct2 () values ()
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affected, err := engine.Insert(&users)
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// INSERT INTO struct () values (),(),()
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affected, err := engine.Insert(&user1, &users)
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// INSERT INTO struct1 () values ()
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// INSERT INTO struct2 () values (),(),()
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```
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* `Get` query one record from database
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```Go
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has, err := engine.Get(&user)
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// SELECT * FROM user LIMIT 1
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has, err := engine.Where("name = ?", name).Desc("id").Get(&user)
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// SELECT * FROM user WHERE name = ? ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1
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var name string
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has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("id = ?", id).Cols("name").Get(&name)
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// SELECT name FROM user WHERE id = ?
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var id int64
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has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("name = ?", name).Cols("id").Get(&id)
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has, err := engine.SQL("select id from user").Get(&id)
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// SELECT id FROM user WHERE name = ?
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var valuesMap = make(map[string]string)
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has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("id = ?", id).Get(&valuesMap)
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// SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = ?
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var valuesSlice = make([]interface{}, len(cols))
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has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("id = ?", id).Cols(cols...).Get(&valuesSlice)
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// SELECT col1, col2, col3 FROM user WHERE id = ?
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```
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* `Exist` check if one record exist on table
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```Go
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has, err := testEngine.Exist(new(RecordExist))
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// SELECT * FROM record_exist LIMIT 1
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has, err = testEngine.Exist(&RecordExist{
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Name: "test1",
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})
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// SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1
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has, err = testEngine.Where("name = ?", "test1").Exist(&RecordExist{})
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// SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1
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has, err = testEngine.SQL("select * from record_exist where name = ?", "test1").Exist()
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// select * from record_exist where name = ?
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has, err = testEngine.Table("record_exist").Exist()
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// SELECT * FROM record_exist LIMIT 1
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has, err = testEngine.Table("record_exist").Where("name = ?", "test1").Exist()
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// SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1
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```
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* `Find` query multiple records from database, also you can use join and extends
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```Go
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var users []User
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err := engine.Where("name = ?", name).And("age > 10").Limit(10, 0).Find(&users)
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// SELECT * FROM user WHERE name = ? AND age > 10 limit 10 offset 0
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type Detail struct {
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Id int64
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UserId int64 `xorm:"index"`
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}
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type UserDetail struct {
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User `xorm:"extends"`
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Detail `xorm:"extends"`
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}
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var users []UserDetail
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err := engine.Table("user").Select("user.*, detail.*").
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Join("INNER", "detail", "detail.user_id = user.id").
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Where("user.name = ?", name).Limit(10, 0).
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Find(&users)
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// SELECT user.*, detail.* FROM user INNER JOIN detail WHERE user.name = ? limit 10 offset 0
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```
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* `Iterate` and `Rows` query multiple records and record by record handle, there are two methods Iterate and Rows
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```Go
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err := engine.Iterate(&User{Name:name}, func(idx int, bean interface{}) error {
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user := bean.(*User)
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return nil
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})
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// SELECT * FROM user
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err := engine.BufferSize(100).Iterate(&User{Name:name}, func(idx int, bean interface{}) error {
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user := bean.(*User)
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return nil
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})
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// SELECT * FROM user Limit 0, 100
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// SELECT * FROM user Limit 101, 100
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rows, err := engine.Rows(&User{Name:name})
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// SELECT * FROM user
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defer rows.Close()
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bean := new(Struct)
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for rows.Next() {
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err = rows.Scan(bean)
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}
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```
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* `Update` update one or more records, default will update non-empty and non-zero fields except when you use Cols, AllCols and so on.
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```Go
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affected, err := engine.ID(1).Update(&user)
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// UPDATE user SET ... WHERE id = ?
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affected, err := engine.Update(&user, &User{Name:name})
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// UPDATE user SET ... WHERE name = ?
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var ids = []int64{1, 2, 3}
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affected, err := engine.In("id", ids).Update(&user)
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// UPDATE user SET ... WHERE id IN (?, ?, ?)
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// force update indicated columns by Cols
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affected, err := engine.ID(1).Cols("age").Update(&User{Name:name, Age: 12})
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// UPDATE user SET age = ?, updated=? WHERE id = ?
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// force NOT update indicated columns by Omit
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affected, err := engine.ID(1).Omit("name").Update(&User{Name:name, Age: 12})
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// UPDATE user SET age = ?, updated=? WHERE id = ?
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affected, err := engine.ID(1).AllCols().Update(&user)
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// UPDATE user SET name=?,age=?,salt=?,passwd=?,updated=? WHERE id = ?
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```
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* `Delete` delete one or more records, Delete MUST have condition
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```Go
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affected, err := engine.Where(...).Delete(&user)
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// DELETE FROM user WHERE ...
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affected, err := engine.ID(2).Delete(&user)
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// DELETE FROM user WHERE id = ?
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affected, err := engine.Table("user").Where(...).Delete()
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// DELETE FROM user WHERE ...
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```
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* `Count` count records
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```Go
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counts, err := engine.Count(&user)
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// SELECT count(*) AS total FROM user
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```
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* `FindAndCount` combines function `Find` with `Count` which is usually used in query by page
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```Go
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var users []User
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counts, err := engine.FindAndCount(&users)
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```
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* `Sum` sum functions
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```Go
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agesFloat64, err := engine.Sum(&user, "age")
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// SELECT sum(age) AS total FROM user
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agesInt64, err := engine.SumInt(&user, "age")
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// SELECT sum(age) AS total FROM user
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sumFloat64Slice, err := engine.Sums(&user, "age", "score")
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// SELECT sum(age), sum(score) FROM user
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sumInt64Slice, err := engine.SumsInt(&user, "age", "score")
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// SELECT sum(age), sum(score) FROM user
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```
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* Query conditions builder
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```Go
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err := engine.Where(builder.NotIn("a", 1, 2).And(builder.In("b", "c", "d", "e"))).Find(&users)
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// SELECT id, name ... FROM user WHERE a NOT IN (?, ?) AND b IN (?, ?, ?)
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```
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* Multiple operations in one go routine, no transaction here but resue session memory
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```Go
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session := engine.NewSession()
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defer session.Close()
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user1 := Userinfo{Username: "xiaoxiao", Departname: "dev", Alias: "lunny", Created: time.Now()}
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if _, err := session.Insert(&user1); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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user2 := Userinfo{Username: "yyy"}
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if _, err := session.Where("id = ?", 2).Update(&user2); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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if _, err := session.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ?", user2.Username); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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return nil
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```
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* Transaction should be on one go routine. There is transaction and resue session memory
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```Go
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session := engine.NewSession()
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defer session.Close()
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// add Begin() before any action
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if err := session.Begin(); err != nil {
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// if returned then will rollback automatically
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return err
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}
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user1 := Userinfo{Username: "xiaoxiao", Departname: "dev", Alias: "lunny", Created: time.Now()}
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if _, err := session.Insert(&user1); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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user2 := Userinfo{Username: "yyy"}
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if _, err := session.Where("id = ?", 2).Update(&user2); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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if _, err := session.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ?", user2.Username); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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// add Commit() after all actions
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return session.Commit()
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```
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* Or you can use `Transaction` to replace above codes.
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```Go
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res, err := engine.Transaction(func(session *xorm.Session) (interface{}, error) {
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user1 := Userinfo{Username: "xiaoxiao", Departname: "dev", Alias: "lunny", Created: time.Now()}
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if _, err := session.Insert(&user1); err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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user2 := Userinfo{Username: "yyy"}
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if _, err := session.Where("id = ?", 2).Update(&user2); err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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if _, err := session.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ?", user2.Username); err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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return nil, nil
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})
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```
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* Context Cache, if enabled, current query result will be cached on session and be used by next same statement on the same session.
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```Go
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sess := engine.NewSession()
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defer sess.Close()
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var context = xorm.NewMemoryContextCache()
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var c2 ContextGetStruct
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has, err := sess.ID(1).ContextCache(context).Get(&c2)
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assert.NoError(t, err)
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assert.True(t, has)
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assert.EqualValues(t, 1, c2.Id)
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assert.EqualValues(t, "1", c2.Name)
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sql, args := sess.LastSQL()
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assert.True(t, len(sql) > 0)
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assert.True(t, len(args) > 0)
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var c3 ContextGetStruct
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has, err = sess.ID(1).ContextCache(context).Get(&c3)
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assert.NoError(t, err)
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assert.True(t, has)
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assert.EqualValues(t, 1, c3.Id)
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assert.EqualValues(t, "1", c3.Name)
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sql, args = sess.LastSQL()
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assert.True(t, len(sql) == 0)
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assert.True(t, len(args) == 0)
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```
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## Contributing
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If you want to pull request, please see [CONTRIBUTING](https://gitea.com/xorm/xorm/src/branch/master/CONTRIBUTING.md). And you can also go to [Xorm on discourse](https://xorm.discourse.group) to discuss.
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## Credits
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### Contributors
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This project exists thanks to all the people who contribute. [[Contribute](CONTRIBUTING.md)].
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<a href="graphs/contributors"><img src="https://opencollective.com/xorm/contributors.svg?width=890&button=false" /></a>
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### Backers
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Thank you to all our backers! 🙏 [[Become a backer](https://opencollective.com/xorm#backer)]
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<a href="https://opencollective.com/xorm#backers" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/xorm/backers.svg?width=890"></a>
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### Sponsors
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Support this project by becoming a sponsor. Your logo will show up here with a link to your website. [[Become a sponsor](https://opencollective.com/xorm#sponsor)]
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## Changelog
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You can find all the changelog [here](CHANGELOG.md)
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## Cases
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* [studygolang](http://studygolang.com/) - [github.com/studygolang/studygolang](https://github.com/studygolang/studygolang)
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* [Gitea](http://gitea.io) - [github.com/go-gitea/gitea](http://github.com/go-gitea/gitea)
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* [Gogs](http://try.gogits.org) - [github.com/gogits/gogs](http://github.com/gogits/gogs)
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* [grafana](https://grafana.com/) - [github.com/grafana/grafana](http://github.com/grafana/grafana)
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* [github.com/m3ng9i/qreader](https://github.com/m3ng9i/qreader)
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* [Wego](http://github.com/go-tango/wego)
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* [Docker.cn](https://docker.cn/)
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* [Xorm Adapter](https://github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter) for [Casbin](https://github.com/casbin/casbin) - [github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter](https://github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter)
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* [Gorevel](http://gorevel.cn/) - [github.com/goofcc/gorevel](http://github.com/goofcc/gorevel)
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* [Gowalker](http://gowalker.org) - [github.com/Unknwon/gowalker](http://github.com/Unknwon/gowalker)
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* [Gobuild.io](http://gobuild.io) - [github.com/shxsun/gobuild](http://github.com/shxsun/gobuild)
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* [Sudo China](http://sudochina.com) - [github.com/insionng/toropress](http://github.com/insionng/toropress)
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* [Godaily](http://godaily.org) - [github.com/govc/godaily](http://github.com/govc/godaily)
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* [YouGam](http://www.yougam.com/)
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* [GoCMS - github.com/zzboy/GoCMS](https://github.com/zzdboy/GoCMS)
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* [GoBBS - gobbs.domolo.com](http://gobbs.domolo.com/)
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* [go-blog](http://wangcheng.me) - [github.com/easykoo/go-blog](https://github.com/easykoo/go-blog)
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## LICENSE
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BSD License [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BSD/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BSD/)
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